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11+ Non-Verbal Reasoning · Year 5–6 · Free lesson

Shape Series

Series questions move one or two dials each step — sides up, shading round a cycle, a dot alternating. Name the changes in words, confirm on every step, extend once. That's the whole method.

N2Shape Series
What changes each step? Say it, then extend it.
Shape series change one or two dials per step — name the change in words, then apply it once more.
What comes next?
?
Sides +1 each step · shading cycles white → grey → black
a
b
c
Two dials moved here: sides +1 (6 next) and shading cycles back to white.
1

Learn the 3-Step Method

1Compare step 1 to step 2.

Triangle→square: sides +1. White→grey: shading darkens. Two dials moving.

name each change

2Confirm on step 2 to 3.

Square→pentagon ✓ (+1 side). Grey→black ✓. Rules confirmed on every step.

confirm the rule

3Apply once more.

Pentagon→hexagon (6 sides); black cycles back to white. Answer: white hexagon.

extend
💡 Key IdeaCycles wrap: after black comes white again — shading, rotation and position often run in loops, not lines.
2

Worked Example

Next in the series: ?

Dials
shape fixed (square) · shading lightens: black→grey→white · dot appears only in step 2?
Re-check
dot alternates: no, yes, no → next: yes · shading cycles → black
✓ Next
black square + dot
3

Watch Out! Common Mistakes

Extending only one dial.

Both dials! Choosing the grey hexagon extends the sides but forgets the shading cycle. Every named change must continue.

Assuming lines, not loops.

Cycles wrap! After black there’s no ‘blacker’ — the cycle returns to white. Check whether a dial loops.

Skipping the confirm step.

One step proves nothing! A rule seen once may be coincidence — confirm it on every visible step before extending.

Cheat Sheet

SHAPE SERIES
  1. Name each changing dial in words.
  2. Confirm every rule on every step.
  3. Watch for cycles that wrap around.
  4. Extend ALL the rules by one step.
Example: sides +1, shading cycles → white hexagon next.
📄 Free printable: Download the Shape Series cheat sheet (PDF) — keep it by your child's desk.

Quick summary

Frequently asked questions

How do you solve shape series questions?

Compare each figure with the next, name what changes (sides +1, shading darkens), confirm those rules on every step, then apply them once more.

What's the most missed pattern?

Cycles — shading, rotation or dot-position looping back to the start. Children extending in a straight line pick the trap option.

How many things change at once?

Usually one or two dials, occasionally three at 11+ level — which is why naming each change explicitly matters.

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