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11+ Verbal Reasoning · Year 5–6 · Free lesson

Alphabet Skills

Verbal reasoning is alphabet arithmetic — and children who write A–Z with its numbers at the top of the paper turn every letter question into simple counting. Start here before any other VR lesson.

V1Alphabet Skills
Know the alphabet like a number line.
Every VR paper leans on alphabet positions, the midpoint and mirror pairs.
The alphabet with positions.
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
E
5
F
6
G
7
H
8
I
9
J
10
K
11
L
12
M
13
N
14
O
15
P
16
Q
17
R
18
S
19
T
20
U
21
V
22
W
23
X
24
Y
25
Z
26
A = 1 · M and N sit either side of the middle · Z = 26
Mirror pairs add to 27: A↔Z, B↔Y, C↔X … M↔N.
1

Learn the 3 Facts

1Positions: A=1 … Z=26.

Anchors help: E=5, J=10, M=13, T=20. Write the alphabet out at the start of any VR paper!

A=1 · M=13 · Z=26

2The middle is M|N.

13 letters each side. Before M you're in the first half; from N, the second.

…L M | N O…

3Mirror pairs sum to 27.

A(1)↔Z(26), B(2)↔Y(25), C(3)↔X(24)… each pair adds to 27.

A↔Z · C↔X
💡 Key IdeaWritten-out alphabet = calculator. Every VR letter question becomes counting once the row is on paper.
2

Worked Example

Use the row: what position is T, what letter is 5th, and what is E's mirror?

Position of T
20
5th letter
E
Mirror of E (5)
27 − 5 = 22
V
3

Watch Out! Common Mistakes

Counting on fingers mid-question.

Write it out once! Ten seconds writing A–Z with numbers saves minutes of finger-counting across the paper.

Off-by-one positions.
J = 9 ✕

A counts as 1! J is the 10th letter. Anchor facts (E=5, J=10, T=20) prevent drift.

Guessing mirrors.

Use 27! Mirror = 27 − position. E(5) → 22 → V. No guessing needed.

Cheat Sheet

ALPHABET SKILLS
  1. Write A–Z with positions at the paper's start.
  2. Anchors: E=5, J=10, M=13, T=20, Z=26.
  3. Middle pair: M | N.
  4. Mirror = 27 − position (A↔Z, C↔X).
Example: mirror of E = 27 − 5 = 22 = V.
📄 Free printable: Download the Alphabet Skills cheat sheet (PDF) — keep it by your child's desk.

Quick summary

Frequently asked questions

Why do children need alphabet positions for the 11+?

Because letter sequences, codes and mirror questions are all arithmetic on positions — A=1 to Z=26 turns them into counting.

What is the middle of the alphabet?

There's no single middle letter: 26 letters split into 13 and 13, so the midpoint falls between M (13) and N (14).

What are mirror pairs?

Letters equally far from each end — A and Z, B and Y, C and X. Each pair's positions add to 27, so mirror = 27 − position.

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V2 Letter Sequences
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