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11+ Verbal Reasoning · Year 5–6 · Free lesson

Letter-Number Codes

When A=1 and Z=26, every word has a price: CAB costs 6. These questions are won on paper, not in the head — write the values, add in pairs, and read the rule box before assuming.

V12Letter-Number Codes
Letters with prices.
If A=1, B=2… words become sums. Add carefully, and reverse-engineer when asked.
What does CAB cost?
C=3A=1B=2
CAB = 3 + 1 + 2 = 6
Write the value under each letter, then add — no mental juggling.
1

Learn the 3-Step Method

1Write values under letters.

B E D → 2, 5, 4. On paper, always.

B E D → 2 5 4

2Add in easy pairs.

2 + 5 + 4: pair to make tens where possible. BED = 11.

= 11

3Reverse questions: budget the letters.

‘Which word costs 15?’ Test candidates: FACE = 6+1+3+5 = 15 ✓.

FACE = 15
💡 Key IdeaSome papers change the price list (A=2, B=4…) — read the rule box first, never assume A=1.
2

Worked Example

If A=1, B=2, C=3… what is the value of DAD, and which is worth more: DAD or CAB?

DAD
4 + 1 + 4 = 9
CAB
3 + 1 + 2 = 6
✓ Compare
DAD (9) > CAB (6)
3

Watch Out! Common Mistakes

Position slips.
D = 3 ✕

Anchor check! D is the 4th letter. Use anchors (E=5, J=10) to spot drift instantly.

Adding in your head.

Write the numbers! Three-letter sums survive mental maths; five-letter words under time pressure don’t. Paper is faster than re-doing.

Assuming A=1 every time.

Read the rule! Some questions set A=2, B=4 (doubling) or count backwards. The rule box overrides habit.

Cheat Sheet

LETTER-NUMBER CODES
  1. Write each letter's value beneath it.
  2. Add in friendly pairs.
  3. Reverse questions: test each candidate word.
  4. Always read the rule — A=1 isn't guaranteed.
Examples: CAB=6 · BED=11 · DAD=9 · FACE=15.
📄 Free printable: Download the Letter-Number Codes cheat sheet (PDF) — keep it by your child's desk.

Quick summary

Frequently asked questions

How do letter-value questions work?

Each letter takes its alphabet position (A=1 … Z=26) unless the paper says otherwise, and words are scored by adding their letters: CAB = 3+1+2 = 6.

What's the fastest accurate method?

Write the numbers under the letters and add in pairs — mental juggling causes the position slips that cost marks.

Do all questions use A=1?

No — some define their own values (A=2, B=4) or reverse the alphabet. The rule stated in the question always wins.

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